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    Electricity cost is a regular component of your monthly budget. When it comes to electricity, the little things that you do matter. Here are easy yet useful techniques on how you can lower your consumption and, consequently, your electric bill. Tips include choosing energy efficient appliances, ways on how to efficiently use your appliances, and proper cleaning and maintenance of the units. With Meralco’s Electricitips, you have the power over your electric bill.


    Lighting
    • Maintain lighting levels based on code requirement. Reduce excessive illumination levels using switching, de-lamping or fixture rewiring.
    • High-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps are used in high-bay applications where the color of the light is not important. Metal halide fixtures are appropriate in areas where color is important such as in product inspection sections.
    • Fluorescent lamps are used in ceiling areas to light surfaces up to 15 feet away. The three primary means of improving the efficacy (lumens per watt) of a fluorescent lamp-ballast system include:
      • Reducing the ballast losses by using energy-efficient electronic or low loss electromagnetic ballasts
      • Operating the lamp(s) at a high frequency
      • Reducing the losses attributable to the lamp electrodes
    • Setup a maintenance schedule to clean and replace lamps on a regular basis.


    Factory Equipment
    • Select proper motor size to avoid inefficiencies and poor power factor. Ensure that a motor is loaded more than 60 percent.
    • Use variable speed drives (VSD) or two-speed systems wherever applicable. Every motor driving a throttled load or a cube-load may be evaluated for speed control.
    • Minimize phase unbalance within one percent to avoid derating of the motor. Motor unbalance is defined by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) as 100 times the maximum deviation from the average of the voltages on the three phases divided by the average voltage.
    • Energy efficient motors are typically more cost-effective than standard efficiency motors in new applications.
      Efficient motors may even be used as economical replacements for working standard efficiency motors particularly for partially loaded and high duty applications. Think of "total owning cost" in deciding for the use of energy efficient motors.
    • Reduce air compressor discharge pressure to the lowest acceptable setting. This will reduce compression energy requirements and compressed air leakage rates.
    • Reduce air inlet temperature by taking suction from the coolest (but not air-conditioned) location.
    • Monitor pressure drops across suction and discharge filter of compressors. Clean or replace filters promptly upon alarm.
    • Understand multiple compressor system controls. Consider automatic compressor controls to modulate and sequence operation optimally among several on-line compressors.
    • Check that receivers are sized to store air for short heavy demands.


    Airconditioners
    • Keep air conditioners clean and in good running condition.
    • Optimize your chiller’s heat transfer capacity by maintaining proper refrigerant charge.
    • Reset chilled water temperature when applicable. Energy savings of between 0.5 to 0.7 percent per degree increase in chilled water temperature may be realized depending on the local weather condition.
    • Operate chillers in proper sequence. Efficiencies of chillers significantly drop off when their load falls below 40 percent. Determine optimum chiller sequence.
    • Follow manufacturer's recommended clearances around cooling towers. Ensure that surrounding structures do not interfere with the air intake or exhaust.
    • Monitor approach, effectiveness and cooling capacity to continuously optimize the cooling tower performance, but consider seasonal variation.
    • Maintain proper condenser water flow. Look out for partially closed valves, clogged cooling tower nozzles, dirty strainers and filters, mud in the condenser tubes and air in water piping.
    • Reduce condenser tube fouling. Tube fouling brings inefficient heat exchange that makes the compressor work harder.
    • Check cooling water pumps regularly to maximize their efficiency.


    Proper Maintenance
    • Improved maintenance may be the most accessible and cost-effective efficiency-improving measure available today.
      If effectively implemented, it can improve the efficiency of every plant system and eliminate waste caused by failed sensors or controllers or application anomalies.

     

    Last updated: 01/12/2009
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